尿碘分析儀—孕婦做碘檢測的必要性(xing)
青島市(shi)三凱醫學科技有限公司自主生產的尿碘分析儀主要用于檢(jian)測(ce)尿液中(zhong)(zhong)碘(dian)的含量。尿碘(dian)分(fen)析儀目前(qian)主要用(yong)于(yu)疾控(kong)中(zhong)(zhong)心、婦(fu)幼醫(yi)院等(deng)場所。
碘是人體必(bi)需的微量(liang)元素(su)(su)之一(yi)，是人體甲(jia)狀腺激素(su)(su)的主要成(cheng)份，有“智力(li)元素(su)(su)”之稱。
孕(yun)(yun)(yun)婦(fu)、乳母對碘(dian)(dian)的(de)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)量比正常(chang)人增加(jia)30%-100%，孕(yun)(yun)(yun)婦(fu)隨(sui)著妊娠時間的(de)延長和胎兒(er)的(de)生長發育(yu)對碘(dian)(dian)的(de)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)量逐漸增加(jia)，她們的(de)碘(dian)(dian)攝入量要同時滿(man)足胎兒(er)和孕(yun)(yun)(yun)婦(fu)本身(shen)的(de)雙(shuang)重需(xu)(xu)要。另外孕(yun)(yun)(yun)婦(fu)的(de)腎臟能夠排出(chu)較多的(de)碘(dian)(dian)，所以容易(yi)發生孕(yun)(yun)(yun)期碘(dian)(dian)營養不良。
孕期準媽媽應(ying)做三次尿碘(dian)檢(jian)測(ce)，碘(dian)是合成甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺激素(su)不可缺(que)少的重要(yao)原料，如果(guo)孕婦(fu)體內缺(que)少碘(dian)則(ze)可導致胎兒(er)和(he)(he)嬰幼兒(er)的腦損(sun)傷(shang)，造成不可逆(ni)轉的智力低下和(he)(he)精(jing)神(shen)運動功能障礙(ai)，表現為(wei)呆、傻、聾啞、癱和(he)(he)抽象思維能力差(cha)的缺(que)陷。所以，孕婦(fu)在懷孕期間要(yao)進行相應(ying)的碘(dian)元素(su)檢(jian)測(ce)，以確(que)保胎兒(er)的正(zheng)常生長(chang)發育(yu)。
碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)元(yuan)素是人(ren)體(ti)不可(ke)(ke)缺(que)(que)少(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微量(liang)元(yuan)素，對(dui)維持人(ren)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常生(sheng)長發(fa)育起著重(zhong)(zhong)要作用(yong)，過(guo)(guo)多或過(guo)(guo)少(shao)均(jun)(jun)會對(dui)機(ji)體(ti)產生(sheng)不良影(ying)響(xiang)。攝入(ru)人(ren)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)幾乎被胃(wei)腸道吸收，其中90%由腎臟排(pai)出，在此尿碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)大致(zhi)反(fan)映(ying)碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)攝入(ru)量(liang)和血液中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)含量(liang)。甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺有(you)(you)濃集碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)合成甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺激素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)，流行(xing)病學資(zi)料表(biao)明，碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)攝入(ru)量(liang)與甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺疾(ji)病的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系(xi)密切，即(ji)碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)缺(que)(que)乏(fa)及碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)量(liang)均(jun)(jun)可(ke)(ke)與甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺疾(ji)病的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系(xi)密切，即(ji)碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)缺(que)(que)乏(fa)及碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)量(liang)均(jun)(jun)可(ke)(ke)使甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺疾(ji)病的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)率升(sheng)高。一(yi)般(ban)認為(wei)(wei)尿碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)水平可(ke)(ke)以(yi)反(fan)映(ying)人(ren)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)營養(yang)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)況，對(dui)于判斷(duan)碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)缺(que)(que)乏(fa)疾(ji)病（iodine deficiency disorders. IDD）及處于高碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)體(ti)有(you)(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要意(yi)(yi)義，還可(ke)(ke)對(dui)孕(yun)婦及嬰幼兒碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)營養(yang)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)況進(jin)行(xing)評估。有(you)(you)文獻(xian)報道，孕(yun)婦缺(que)(que)碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)程度與孕(yun)期(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)一(yi)定關(guan)系(xi)，孕(yun)早期(qi)(qi)碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)缺(que)(que)乏(fa)率21.3%；孕(yun)中期(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)19.3%；孕(yun)晚期(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)10.3%。在胚胎(tai)早期(qi)(qi)補碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)兒童的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智商明顯高于胚胎(tai)后期(qi)(qi)補碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智商，妊娠5個(ge)月(yue)胎(tai)補碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)幾乎不能(neng)(neng)預防智力(li)缺(que)(que)陷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)，說明了加強(qiang)孕(yun)早期(qi)(qi)保健的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要性(xing)和開展(zhan)孕(yun)婦尿碘(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)檢測的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要意(yi)(yi)義。
